با همکاری انجمن‏‌ بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی؛ گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 استاد؛ گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش، با هدف ارزیابی توان آنتاگونیستی باکتری‌های Pseudomonas fluorescent علیه Ralstonia solanacearum عامل پژمردگی باکتریایی سیب‌زمینی در گلخانه انجام شد. تعداد 80 استرین سودوموناس روی محیط کشت King,s B از خاک پیرامون ریشه و غده سالم گردآوری شده از 10 مزرعه جدا شد. باکتریR. solanacearum از سیب‌زمینی آلوده روی محیط کشت اختصاصی دارای تری فنیل تترازولیوم کلراید (TTC) جداسازی شد. توانایی استرین‌های باکتری‌های P. fluorescent در جلوگیری از رشد بیمارگر با استفاده از آزمون کشت سه نقطه‌ای و اندازه‌گیری هاله بازدارنده در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که استرین‌های EH87، EH203 با میانگین قطر هاله بازدارنده 3.78 و 3.65 سانتی‌متر و استرین‌های EH27 و EH40 با میانگین قطر هاله بازدارنده 1.85 و 1.54 سانتی‌متر به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین درصد بازدارندگی از رشد را نشان دادند. بر مبنای نتیجه آزمایش بازدارندگی در آزمایشگاه از میان استرین‌های بررسی شده، تعداد نه استرین به عنوان نماینده برای بررسی‌های گلخانه‌ای انتخاب شدند. نتایج تعیین ویژگی‌های فنوتیپی و واکنش فوق حساسیت در بر‌گ‌های توتون نشان داد که این نه استرین به گونه‌های Pseudomonas putida و بیووارهای یک، دو و چهارP. fluorescens تعلق دارند. توان آنتاگونیستی استرین‌های سودوموناس‌های فلورسنت علیه باکتریR. solanacearum در شرایط گلخانه با روش آغشته‌سازی نشاء در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار بررسی و فاکتور‌های رشد پس از سه ماه اندازه‌گیری و ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد که استرین‌های EH70، EH49 کارایی بیوکنترلی بالایی نسبت به شاهد آلوده داشته و توانستند به ترتیب میزان بیماری را 84 و 75 درصد کاهش دهند. ژن‌های کد کننده 16SrRNA استرین‌های برگزیده با استفاده از پرایمرهای همگانی توسط PCR تکثیر و سپس توالی یابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که استرین EH53، 98 درصد به باکتری‌های، Pseudomonas fluoresent شباهت دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of antagonistic activity of fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from potato rhizospher towards Ralstonia solanacearum under greenhouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. HASANI 1
  • GH. KHODAKARAMIAN 2

1 Bou Ali Sina of Hamadan University-Faculty of Agriculture

چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to evaluate of the antagonistic activity of fluorescent pseudomonads against Ralstonia solanacearum in greenhous. A total of 80 strains of fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from the soil around the healthy potato roots and tubers collected from 10 farms on King, s B medium (KB). The bacterial R. solanacearum strains were isolated on nutreient agar (NA) medium containing triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). Antagonistic activity of pseudomonads strains was evaluated in a completed randomized design with three replicates in vitro. The bacterial strains EH87 and EH203 with 3.78 and 3. 65 cm growth inhibition zone were the most effective and EH27 and EH40 strain with 1. 85 and 1.54 cm had the least effect. The phenotypic feature of the antagonistic representative’s strains and their hypersensitive reaction on tobacco leaf showed that they were belonged to Pseudomonas putida and P. fluorescens (bv. I, II & IV). Based on the result of laboratory experiment nine representative strains were selected for further studies in a randomized design under greenhouse condition. After three months, growth factors of the plants and disease severity were measured and recorded. Results showed that EH70, EH49 bacterial strains had a high biocontrol effect in compare to contaminated control. They reduced the potato wilt disease caused by R. solanacearum 84% and 75% respectively. Total DNA from antagonistic representaives strains were used as a template to amplify 16SrRNA encoding gene using universal primers in PCR. Results showed that the strain EH53 had 98 percent sequence similarity to Pseudomonas fluoresens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biological control
  • Potato
  • Pseudomonas fluorescent
  • Ralstonia solanacearum
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