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واکنش تابعی سن شکارگر Nesidiocoris tenuis به تراکم‏های مختلف تخم‏ های بید ‏آرد Ephestia kuehniella و بید گوجه ‏فرنگی Tuta absoluta

نوع مقاله : حشره شناسی کشاورزی

نویسندگان

1 موسسۀ تحقیقات گیاه‏پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور

3 دانشکدۀ علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

واکنش تابعی رابطة بین تعداد شکار مصر‌ف‌شده به ازای هر شکارگر در تراکم‌های مختلف شکار را بیان می‏کند و یکی از روش‌های تعیین کارایی دشمنان طبیعی در کنترل آفات است. واکنش تابعی سن شکارگرNesidiocoris tenuis  با تغذیه از تراکم‏های مختلف تخم‏های‏ بید آرد و بید گوجه‏فرنگی (1، 2، 4، 8، 16، 32، 64، و 96) در شرایط آزمایشگاه در هفت تکرار بررسی شد. تراکم‏ها به مدت 24 ساعت به‌طور جداگانه در اختیار یک حشرة بالغ ماده و یا نر که قبلاً به مدت 24 ساعت گرسنه بود، قرار گرفتند. واکنش تابعی براساس رگرسیون لجستیک در همة آزمایش‏ها ‏از نوع سوم (III)  بود. ضریب نرخ یورش (b) حشرة بالغ ماده با تغذیه از تخم‏های بیدآرد و بید گوجه‏فرنگی به‏ترتیب 0018/0±0061/0 و 0009/0±0048/0 و ضریب نرخ یورش (b) حشرة بالغ نر نیز با تغذیه از تخم‏های یادشده به‏ترتیب 0037/0±0093/0 و 0010/0±0042/0 برآورد شد. پراسنجة زمان دستیابی (Th) در طعمه‏های یادشده برای حشرة ماده به‏ترتیب 0193/0 ± 3598/0 و 0136/0 ± 2905/0 ساعت و زمان دستیابی برای حشرة‏ نر نیز به‏ترتیب 0511/0±9032/0 و 0303/0±5895/0 ساعت تخمین زده شد. بنابراین حشرات مادة N. tenuis با زمان دستیابی کمتر و نرخ یورش بیشتر نسبت به نرها و با میانگین بیشترین میزان تغذیة روزانه (V0) از تخم‏های بید گوجه‏فرنگی (86/73 عدد) می‏توانند نقش مؤثری در مهار جمعیت آفت داشته باشند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Functional response of Nesidiocoris tenuis on different densities of Ephestia kuehniella and Tuta absoluta eggs

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Hassan Malkeshi 1
  • Jafar Mohaghegh 2
  • Reza Talaei Hassanlouii 3
  • Hossein Allahyari 3

1 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection

3 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

T
The response of a natural enemy to its host’ densities has been defined as “functional response”. It has been considered a feasible technique to measure the efficacy of biocontrol agents. We employed the concept to evaluate the functional response of adult female and male of Nesidiocoris tenuis under laboratory conditions by feeding on different densities (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 96) of Ephestia kuehniella and Tuta absoluta eggs in 7 replicates. The predators were kept unfed for 24 hours. Then the number of eaten prey was recorded after 24 hours. The results showed type III functional response for all tests based on logistic regression. The attack constants (b) of females and males fed on E. kuehniella and T. absoluta eggs were 0.0061 ± 0.0018, 0.0048 ± 0.0009, and 0.0093 ± 0.0037, 0.0042 ± 0.001, respectively. The estimated handling times (Th) for females and males on the respective preys were 0.3598 ± 0.0193, 0.2905 ± 0.0136, and 0.9032 ± 0.0511 and 0.5859 ± 0.0303 h. In conclusion, N. tenuis females had shorter handling time, greater attack rate and maximum daily consumption (73.86 eggs) compared with those of males. Therefore, results strongly support that female predators could be more effective in controlling T. absoluta.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attack rate
  • biological control
  • handling time
  • Nesidiocoris tenuis
  • Tuta absoluta
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آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی
دوره 86، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 107
اسفند 1397
صفحه 203-217
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